Before traveling abroad, must be met from Asafa vaccines necessary to avoid the risk of epidemics.
First, there are two criteria for vaccination: the initial compulsory vaccination, and other vaccines recommended.
- Initial vaccines include vaccines necessary to enter the territory of the State of destination. In practice, only vaccination against yellow fever is mandatory for some countries.
- And the second related to vaccines real risks incurred by the traveler during his stay depending on the health situation in the country, and the conditions and duration of stay and the traveler's personal characteristics (age, vaccination status, pregnancy, immune dysfunction ...).
Given the time required for the occurrence of an immune response, it is necessary to concern about vaccines at least two months before departure.
According to the recommendations issued by the Ministry of Health, which was approved by the Supreme Council of Public Health in France, the selection criteria are:
For all, no matter what the destination:
- Updated immunizations against diseases, tetanus, polio and diphtheria for adults.
- Updated immunizations contained in the vaccination schedule the French, but in the early against measles and hepatitis B. The vaccine against tuberculosis depending on the country:
- Yellow fever: essential for all who reside in tropical regions in Africa or South America, and even in the absence of administrative obligations.
- JE: for any extension to stay in rural areas in South and East Asia.
- Encephalitis tick: to stay in rural areas (or hiking in the woods) in the center of Europe, east and north in the spring or summer.
- Meningitis: compulsory for those who go for Hajj in Mecca, and is recommended for children over 18 months and young people who travel to endemic areas, and the people who work in the health sector or visiting endemic areas.
Depending on the circumstances and length of stay:
- Hepatitis A: Any type of accommodation in countries where sanitation is stable.
- Altefonid: any extended stay or in poor conditions in countries where sanitation is stable.
- Hepatitis (B): outside the recommended immunization schedule, accommodation and repeated or long-term in countries where the difficulty in access to quality care.
Fortifications and protective against rabies: outside the recommended immunization schedule, repeated residence, or in the case of accidental isolation in high-risk countries (especially Asia and India). Vaccination is not exempt from the treatment.
Has been abandoned for vaccination against cholera in France due to its efficiency and lower the risk of a very (for the establishment of tourism).